Within- and between-culture variation: Individual differences and the cultural logics of honor, face, and dignity cultures

Angela K.Y. Leung*, Dov Cohen

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer-review

445 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The CuPS (Culture × Person × Situation) approach attempts to jointly consider culture and individual differences, without treating either as noise and without reducing one to the other. Culture is important because it helps define psychological situations and create meaningful clusters of behavior according to particular logics. Individual differences are important because individuals vary in the extent to which they endorse or reject a culture's ideals. Further, because different cultures are organized by different logics, individual differences mean something different in each. Central to these studies are concepts of honor-related violence and individual worth as being inalienable versus socially conferred. We illustrate our argument with 2 experiments involving participants from honor, face, and dignity cultures. The studies showed that the same " type" of person who was most helpful, honest, and likely to behave with integrity in one culture was the " type" of person least likely to do so in another culture. We discuss how CuPS can provide a rudimentary but integrated approach to understanding both within- and between-culture variation.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)507-526
Number of pages20
JournalJournal of Personality and Social Psychology
Volume100
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Mar 2011
Externally publishedYes

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