Projects per year
Abstract
Background: Observational data have established a link between the consumption of whole grains and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, there is a need to review interventional research.
Aim: In adults with or without chronic disease and/or associated risk factors, to determine if interventions providing whole grain or whole pseudo‐grain for dietary consumption improve CVD‐related outcomes compared with refined grain or placebo.
Methods: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of published randomised controlled trials was conducted (PROSPERO: CRD42019129403). Five electronic databases were searched for studies of 12‐weeks (or 2‐weeks for inflammatory outcomes) duration until 21st February 2020. Data were extracted for 14 types of CVD risk factors from published reports. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. GRADE was used to determine the confidence in the pooled effects and to inform a clinical recommendation.
Results: 25 randomised controlled trials were included and 22 were meta‐analysed. Interventions ranged from 2‐ to 16‐weeks; most samples were healthy (n = 13 studies) and used mixed whole grains (n = 11 studies). Only subgroup analyses found significant effects, including those for total cholesterol (SMD:0.54[95%CI:‐0.95,‐0.12]), LDL‐cholesterol (SMD:‐0.57[95%CI:‐0.84,‐0.31]), triglycerides (SMD:‐0.22[95%CI:‐0.44,‐0.01]), HbA1c (SMD:‐0.33[95%CI:‐0.61,‐0.04]), and CRP (SMD:‐0.22[95%CI:‐‐0.44, −0.00]).
Conclusions: For adults with or without CVD risk factors, consuming whole grain as opposed to refined grain may improve some cardiovascular risk factors. Further interventional research in those with existing CVD or CVD risk factors is needed to better understand the preventative and treatment potential of whole grain and whole pseudo‐grain.
Aim: In adults with or without chronic disease and/or associated risk factors, to determine if interventions providing whole grain or whole pseudo‐grain for dietary consumption improve CVD‐related outcomes compared with refined grain or placebo.
Methods: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of published randomised controlled trials was conducted (PROSPERO: CRD42019129403). Five electronic databases were searched for studies of 12‐weeks (or 2‐weeks for inflammatory outcomes) duration until 21st February 2020. Data were extracted for 14 types of CVD risk factors from published reports. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. GRADE was used to determine the confidence in the pooled effects and to inform a clinical recommendation.
Results: 25 randomised controlled trials were included and 22 were meta‐analysed. Interventions ranged from 2‐ to 16‐weeks; most samples were healthy (n = 13 studies) and used mixed whole grains (n = 11 studies). Only subgroup analyses found significant effects, including those for total cholesterol (SMD:0.54[95%CI:‐0.95,‐0.12]), LDL‐cholesterol (SMD:‐0.57[95%CI:‐0.84,‐0.31]), triglycerides (SMD:‐0.22[95%CI:‐0.44,‐0.01]), HbA1c (SMD:‐0.33[95%CI:‐0.61,‐0.04]), and CRP (SMD:‐0.22[95%CI:‐‐0.44, −0.00]).
Conclusions: For adults with or without CVD risk factors, consuming whole grain as opposed to refined grain may improve some cardiovascular risk factors. Further interventional research in those with existing CVD or CVD risk factors is needed to better understand the preventative and treatment potential of whole grain and whole pseudo‐grain.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Article number | 87 |
Pages (from-to) | 63 |
Journal | Nutrition and Dietetics |
Volume | 77 |
Issue number | S1 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Aug 2020 |
Externally published | Yes |
Event | Dietitians Association of Australia 37th National Conference: Discover. Grow. Evolve - Melbourne, Australia Duration: 23 Aug 2020 → 25 Aug 2020 Conference number: 37th https://daa2020.com.au/ |
Fingerprint
Dive into the research topics of 'Whole grains for cardiovascular disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.Related Projects
- 2 Active
-
Nutrition for Chronic Disease and Disability: Research to improve health related quality of life and bring forward the under-represented voice
Reidlinger, D., Davidson, A., Campbell, K., Kelly, J., Mayr, H., English, C., Odgers-Jewell, K., MacKenzie-Shalders, K., Van der Meij, B., Crichton, M., Marshall, S., Turner, C., Marx, W., Utter, J., Maugeri, B. & Tang, X.
1/01/14 → 31/08/30
Project: Research
-
Public health nutrition research
Reidlinger, D., Cox, G., Marshall, S., MacKenzie-Shalders, K., Patterson, P., Campbell, K., Van Herwerden, L., Utter, J., Mayr, H., Van der Meij, B., Kelly, J., Maugeri, B., Marx, W. & Tang, X.
1/01/14 → 31/01/29
Project: Research