The significance of Occupation on Socio-demographic and Lifestyle-related risk factors in the development of AD

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Abstract

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease that predominantly affects the elderly. However, the main causes for the development of AD are yet to be fully identified. So far, studies have mostly concentrated on AD risk factors like age, sex, education levels, cerebrovascular risk factors, obesity, smoking or alcohol habit, diabetes, and traumatic brain injuries. On the other hand, very few researches have investigated whether the type of occupation impacts the risk of developing Alzheimer’s as in modern times, a large part of our life is spent on jobs and occupations.

The objective of this study is to discuss the idea that certain sociodemographic and lifestyle-related risk factors may significantly contribute to AD development according to occupation.

Data has been collected from the ADNI (Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative) database with a sample size of 898 subjects classified into four occupation groups: Managers or Administrators, Professionals, Skilled Occupations, and Unskilled Occupations.

To determine the important variables for each occupational group for Alzheimer’s development, Random Forest model has been performed. Also, the ROC curve has been plotted to check model accuracy.

After the calculation, the Daily Functional activities score was identified as a significant variable for all occupational groups. Stroke was found significant for the Manager and Skilled Occupants, while Depression came as significant for Professionals and Unskilled Occupants. Besides, Gender was another significant variable for Managers, and Hypertension was prominent in Professionals.
The AUC from the ROC analysis for these four occupation groups are .8022, .8011, .8856, and .8301, respectively.

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