The impact of COVID-19 on emergency department presentations for mental health disorders in Queensland, Australia: A time series analysis

Philip M. Jones*, Amy Sweeny, Grace Branjerdporn, Gerben Keijzers, Andrea P. Marshall, Ya Ling Huang, Emma J. Hall, Jamie Ranse, Dinesh Palipana, Yang D. Teng, Julia Crilly

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer-review

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Abstract

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with detrimental effects on mental health and psychological well-being. Although multiple studies have shown decreases in mental health-related Emergency Department (ED) presentations early in the COVID-19 pandemic, the medium-term effects on mental health-related ED presentations have remained less clear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the pandemic on mental health ED presentations by comparing observed presentation numbers to predictions from pre-pandemic data.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study tallied weekly ED presentations associated with mental health disorders from a state-wide minimum dataset. Three time periods were identified: Pre-Pandemic (January 1, 2018–March 8, 2020), Statewide Lockdown (March 9, 2020–June 28, 2020), and Restrictions Easing (June 29, 2020–June 27, 2021). Time series analysis was used to generate weekly presentation forecasts using pre-pandemic data. Observed presentation numbers were compared to these forecasts.

Results:
Weekly presentation numbers were lower than predicted in 11 out of 16 weeks in the Statewide Lockdown period and 52 out of 52 weeks in the Restrictions Easing period. The largest decrease was seen for anxiety disorders (Statewide Lockdown: 76.8% of forecast; Restrictions Easing: 36.4% of forecast), while an increase was seen in presentations for eating disorders (Statewide Lockdown: 139.5% of forecast; Restrictions Easing: 194.4% of forecast).

Conclusions:
Overall weekly mental health-related presentations across Queensland public EDs were lower than expected for the first 16 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings underline the limitations of emergency department provision of mental health care and the importance of alternate care modalities in the pandemic context.
Original languageEnglish
Article numbere12553
Pages (from-to)1-11
Number of pages11
JournalAsia-Pacific Psychiatry
Volume16
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Mar 2024
Externally publishedYes

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