The gut microbiome and type 2 diabetes: Current evidence and future directions

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic condition and a significant public health concern. Disruptions to or imbalances in the gut microbiome have been associated with the development and progression of the condition. In this commentary, the authors discuss the current evidence for the role of the gut microbiome in type 2 diabetes, as well as the emerging interventions aimed at improving glycaemia via microbiome-dependent pathways. In particular, given the wide range of nutrients that appear to affect both the microbiome and other chronic conditions that are commonly comorbid with type 2 diabetes, the promotion of healthy eating patterns in this population is discussed.