Plasma metabolomic profiles associated with infant food allergy with further consideration of other early life factors

Susan Ellul, Wolfgang Marx, Fiona Collier, Richard Saffery, Mimi Tang, David Burgner, John Carlin, Peter Vuillermin, Anne-Louise Ponsonby, Barwon Infant Study Investigator Group

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer-review

10 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Fatty acids have been implicated in early life immune development. Food allergy provides a clear phenotype of early allergic disease. Fish oil and vitamin D have immune-modulating properties. We aimed to identify the metabolomic profile of (i) infant food allergy and (ii) factors linked to food allergy in past studies such as fish oil supplementation and serum 25OHD3 levels in early life.

METHODS: NMR was used to quantify 73 metabolites in plasma of 1 year old infants from the Barwon Infant Study (n=485). Logistic regression models were used to examine associations between infant metabolome and food allergy in infants. Linear regression models were used to describe associations between maternal fish oil supplementation and 25OHD3 levels with infant metabolites.

RESULTS: A higher linoleic acid: total fatty acid (FA) ratio and phenylalanine level were associated with higher odds of food allergy. Antenatal fish oil supplementation was positively associated with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and omega-3 related metabolite levels. Postnatal 25OHD3 levels at 1 year of age were positively associated with several FA measures and creatinine and inversely with the saturated FA: total FA ratio. Only the postnatal 25OHD3 patterns persisted after adjustment for multiple comparisons.

CONCLUSIONS: Infants with food allergy had altered fatty acid profiles at one year. Fish oil supplementation in pregnancy was associated with higher DHA and omega-3 related metabolites at 1 year of age. Associations were modest and the most robustly altered metabolomic profiles were with postnatal 25OHD3 levels.

Original languageEnglish
Article number102099
JournalProstaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids
Volume159
Early online date25 May 2020
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Aug 2020
Externally publishedYes

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