Abstract
Background/Objectives:
There are generally no mandates for law enforcement officers to
maintain career fitness. Evidence documenting the motivation of officers who are physically
active could support training and health and wellness initiatives, while preventing
disease (e.g., cardiovascular, metabolic) in this population. This cross-sectional study
derived relationships between motivation, physical activity (PA), resistance training (RT)
participation, and health and fitness in officers.
Methods:
Sixty officers completed a questionnaire assessing PA (weekly strenuous, moderate, mild exercise sessions; activity score) and RT (RT frequency [RTF]; weekly sessions over 3 months [RT3M]; sessions in past 7 days [RT7D]). Motivation (amotivation, external, introjected, identified, integrated, and intrinsic regulation) was measured via the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire. Health and fitness tests included resting heart rate (RHR), blood pressure, skeletal muscle mass (SMM%) and fat mass (FM%) percentage, waist-to-hip ratio, sit-and-reach, grip strength, push-ups, sit-ups, and step test. Spearman’s correlations (p < 0.05) derived relationships between motivation and all other variables.
Results:
All intrinsic motivation styles correlated with strenuous exercise sessions, RTF, RT3M, and push-ups (ρ = 0.286–0.670). Identified, integrated, and intrinsic regulation correlated with activity score and sit-ups (ρ = 0.287–0.472). Identified (ρ = 0.444) and integrated (ρ = 0.341) regulation related to RT7D. Amotivation related to RTF (ρ = −0.295) and RT3M (ρ = −0.290). External, introjected, and identified regulation correlated with RHR (ρ = ±0.270–0.338). Integrated and intrinsic regulation positively related to SMM% and negatively related to FM% (ρ = ±0.265–0.323).
Conclusions:
Internally motivated officers completed strenuous exercise and RT, and had better RHR, body composition, and muscular endurance. Training staff should develop intrinsic motivation styles in personnel to enhance their well-being.
There are generally no mandates for law enforcement officers to
maintain career fitness. Evidence documenting the motivation of officers who are physically
active could support training and health and wellness initiatives, while preventing
disease (e.g., cardiovascular, metabolic) in this population. This cross-sectional study
derived relationships between motivation, physical activity (PA), resistance training (RT)
participation, and health and fitness in officers.
Methods:
Sixty officers completed a questionnaire assessing PA (weekly strenuous, moderate, mild exercise sessions; activity score) and RT (RT frequency [RTF]; weekly sessions over 3 months [RT3M]; sessions in past 7 days [RT7D]). Motivation (amotivation, external, introjected, identified, integrated, and intrinsic regulation) was measured via the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire. Health and fitness tests included resting heart rate (RHR), blood pressure, skeletal muscle mass (SMM%) and fat mass (FM%) percentage, waist-to-hip ratio, sit-and-reach, grip strength, push-ups, sit-ups, and step test. Spearman’s correlations (p < 0.05) derived relationships between motivation and all other variables.
Results:
All intrinsic motivation styles correlated with strenuous exercise sessions, RTF, RT3M, and push-ups (ρ = 0.286–0.670). Identified, integrated, and intrinsic regulation correlated with activity score and sit-ups (ρ = 0.287–0.472). Identified (ρ = 0.444) and integrated (ρ = 0.341) regulation related to RT7D. Amotivation related to RTF (ρ = −0.295) and RT3M (ρ = −0.290). External, introjected, and identified regulation correlated with RHR (ρ = ±0.270–0.338). Integrated and intrinsic regulation positively related to SMM% and negatively related to FM% (ρ = ±0.265–0.323).
Conclusions:
Internally motivated officers completed strenuous exercise and RT, and had better RHR, body composition, and muscular endurance. Training staff should develop intrinsic motivation styles in personnel to enhance their well-being.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1-19 |
| Number of pages | 19 |
| Journal | Healthcare (Switzerland) |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue number | 21 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Oct 2025 |
