Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study

Author Collaboration; Marco Solmi; Trevor Thompson; Andrés Estradé; Agorastos Agorastos; Joaquim Radua; Samuele Cortese; Elena Dragioti; Davy Vancampfort; Lau Caspar Thygesen; Harald Aschauer; Monika Schlögelhofer; Elena Aschauer; Wolfgang Marx

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972

Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study

Author Collaboration, Marco Solmi, Trevor Thompson, Andrés Estradé, Agorastos Agorastos, Joaquim Radua, Samuele Cortese, Elena Dragioti, Davy Vancampfort, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Harald Aschauer, Monika Schlögelhofer, Elena Aschauer, Wolfgang Marx

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Abstract

International studies measuring wellbeing/multidimensional mental health before/ during the COVID-19 pandemic, including representative samples for >2 years, identifying risk groups and coping strategies are lacking. COH-FIT is an online, international, anonymous survey measuring changes in well-being (WHO-5) and a composite psychopathology P-score, and their associations with COVID-19 deaths/restrictions, 12 a-priori defined risk individual/cumulative factors, and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic (26/04/2020-26/06/2022) in 30 languages (representative, weighted non-representative, adults). T-test, χ 2, penalized cubic splines, linear regression, correlation analyses were conducted. Analyzing 121,066/142,364 initiated surveys, WHO-5/P-score worsened intra-pandemic by 11.1±21.1/13.2±17.9 points (effect size d=0.50/0.60) (comparable results in representative/weighted non-probability samples). Persons with WHO-5 scores indicative of depression screening (<50, 13% to 32%) and major depression (<29, 3% to 12%) significantly increased. WHO-5 worsened from those with mental disorders, female sex, COVID-19-related loss, low-income country location, physical disorders, healthcare worker occupations, large city location, COVID-19 infection, unemployment, first-generation immigration, to age=18-29 with a cumulative effect. Similar findings emerged for P-score. Changes were significantly but minimally related to COVID-19 deaths, returning to near-pre-pandemic values after >2 years. The most subjectively effective coping strategies were exercise and walking, internet use, social contacts. Identified risk groups, coping strategies and outcome trajectories can inform global public health strategies.

Original language	English
Article number	115972
Pages (from-to)	1-14
Number of pages	14
Journal	Psychiatry Research
Volume	342
Early online date	23 May 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972
Publication status	Published - Dec 2024
Externally published	Yes

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Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults Results from the international COH-FIT StudyFinal published version, 5.86 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

Author Collaboration, Solmi, M., Thompson, T., Estradé, A., Agorastos, A., Radua, J., Cortese, S., Dragioti, E., Vancampfort, D., Thygesen, L. C., Aschauer, H., Schlögelhofer, M., Aschauer, E., & Marx, W. (2024). Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study. Psychiatry Research, 342, 1-14. Article 115972. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972

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title = "Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study",

abstract = "International studies measuring wellbeing/multidimensional mental health before/ during the COVID-19 pandemic, including representative samples for >2 years, identifying risk groups and coping strategies are lacking. COH-FIT is an online, international, anonymous survey measuring changes in well-being (WHO-5) and a composite psychopathology P-score, and their associations with COVID-19 deaths/restrictions, 12 a-priori defined risk individual/cumulative factors, and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic (26/04/2020-26/06/2022) in 30 languages (representative, weighted non-representative, adults). T-test, χ 2, penalized cubic splines, linear regression, correlation analyses were conducted. Analyzing 121,066/142,364 initiated surveys, WHO-5/P-score worsened intra-pandemic by 11.1±21.1/13.2±17.9 points (effect size d=0.50/0.60) (comparable results in representative/weighted non-probability samples). Persons with WHO-5 scores indicative of depression screening (<50, 13% to 32%) and major depression (<29, 3% to 12%) significantly increased. WHO-5 worsened from those with mental disorders, female sex, COVID-19-related loss, low-income country location, physical disorders, healthcare worker occupations, large city location, COVID-19 infection, unemployment, first-generation immigration, to age=18-29 with a cumulative effect. Similar findings emerged for P-score. Changes were significantly but minimally related to COVID-19 deaths, returning to near-pre-pandemic values after >2 years. The most subjectively effective coping strategies were exercise and walking, internet use, social contacts. Identified risk groups, coping strategies and outcome trajectories can inform global public health strategies. ",

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note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Authors",

year = "2024",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972",

language = "English",

volume = "342",

pages = "1--14",

journal = "Psychiatry Research",

issn = "0165-1781",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

Author Collaboration, Solmi, M, Thompson, T, Estradé, A, Agorastos, A, Radua, J, Cortese, S, Dragioti, E, Vancampfort, D, Thygesen, LC, Aschauer, H, Schlögelhofer, M, Aschauer, E & Marx, W 2024, 'Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study', Psychiatry Research, vol. 342, 115972, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972

TY - JOUR

T1 - Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study

AU - Author Collaboration

AU - Solmi, Marco

AU - Thompson, Trevor

AU - Estradé, Andrés

AU - Agorastos, Agorastos

AU - Radua, Joaquim

AU - Cortese, Samuele

AU - Dragioti, Elena

AU - Vancampfort, Davy

AU - Thygesen, Lau Caspar

AU - Aschauer, Harald

AU - Schlögelhofer, Monika

AU - Aschauer, Elena

AU - Schneeberger, Andres

AU - Huber, Christian G

AU - Hasler, Gregor

AU - Conus, Philippe

AU - Cuénod, Kim Q Do

AU - von Känel, Roland

AU - Arrondo, Gonzalo

AU - Fusar-Poli, Paolo

AU - Gorwood, Philip

AU - Llorca, Pierre-Michel

AU - Krebs, Marie-Odile

AU - Scanferla, Elisabetta

AU - Kishimoto, Taishiro

AU - Rabbani, Golam

AU - Skonieczna-Żydecka, Karolina

AU - Brambilla, Paolo

AU - Favaro, Angela

AU - Takamiya, Akihiro

AU - Zoccante, Leonardo

AU - Colizzi, Marco

AU - Bourgin, Julie

AU - Kamiński, Karol

AU - Moghadasin, Maryam

AU - Seedat, Soraya

AU - Matthews, Evan

AU - Wells, John

AU - Vassilopoulou, Emilia

AU - Gadelha, Ary

AU - Su, Kuan-Pin

AU - Kwon, Jun Soo

AU - Kim, Minah

AU - Lee, Tae Young

AU - Papsuev, Oleg

AU - Manková, Denisa

AU - Boscutti, Andrea

AU - Gerunda, Cristiano

AU - Saccon, Diego

AU - Righi, Elena

AU - Monaco, Francesco

AU - Croatto, Giovanni

AU - Cereda, Guido

AU - Demurtas, Jacopo

AU - Brondino, Natascia

AU - Veronese, Nicola

AU - Enrico, Paolo

AU - Politi, Pierluigi

AU - Ciappolino, Valentina

AU - Pfennig, Andrea

AU - Bechdolf, Andreas

AU - Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas

AU - Kahl, Kai G

AU - Domschke, Katharina

AU - Bauer, Michael

AU - Koutsouleris, Nikolaos

AU - Winter, Sibylle

AU - Borgwardt, Stefan

AU - Bitter, Istvan

AU - Balazs, Judit

AU - Czobor, Pál

AU - Unoka, Zsolt

AU - Mavridis, Dimitris

AU - Tsamakis, Konstantinos

AU - Bozikas, Vasilios P

AU - Tunvirachaisakul, Chavit

AU - Maes, Michael

AU - Rungnirundorn, Teerayuth

AU - Supasitthumrong, Thitiporn

AU - Haque, Ariful

AU - Brunoni, Andre R

AU - Costardi, Carlos Gustavo

AU - Schuch, Felipe Barreto

AU - Polanczyk, Guilherme

AU - Luiz, Jhoanne Merlyn

AU - Fonseca, Lais

AU - Aparicio, Luana V

AU - Valvassori, Samira S

AU - Nordentoft, Merete

AU - Vendsborg, Per

AU - Hoffmann, Sofie Have

AU - Sehli, Jihed

AU - Sartorius, Norman

AU - Heuss, Sabina

AU - Guinart, Daniel

AU - Hamilton, Jane

AU - Kane, John

AU - Rubio, Jose

AU - Sand, Michael

AU - Koyanagi, Ai

AU - Solanes, Aleix

AU - Andreu-Bernabeu, Alvaro

AU - Cáceres, Antonia San José

AU - Arango, Celso

AU - Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M

AU - Hidalgo-Mazzei, Diego

AU - Vieta, Eduard

AU - Gonzalez-Peñas, Javier

AU - Fortea, Lydia

AU - Parellada, Mara

AU - Fullana, Miquel A

AU - Verdolini, Norma

AU - Andrlíková, Eva

AU - Janků, Karolina

AU - Millan, Mark J

AU - Honciuc, Mihaela

AU - Moniuszko-Malinowska, Anna

AU - Łoniewski, Igor

AU - Samochowiec, Jerzy

AU - Kiszkiel, Łukasz

AU - Marlicz, Maria

AU - Sowa, Paweł

AU - Marlicz, Wojciech

AU - Spies, Georgina

AU - Stubbs, Brendon

AU - Firth, Joseph

AU - Sullivan, Sarah

AU - Darcin, Asli Enez

AU - Aksu, Hatice

AU - Dilbaz, Nesrin

AU - Noyan, Onur

AU - Kitazawa, Momoko

AU - Kurokawa, Shunya

AU - Tazawa, Yuki

AU - Anselmi, Alejandro

AU - Cracco, Cecilia

AU - Machado, Ana Inés

AU - Estrade, Natalia

AU - De Leo, Diego

AU - Curtis, Jackie

AU - Berk, Michael

AU - Carvalho, Andre F

AU - Ward, Philip

AU - Teasdale, Scott

AU - Rosenbaum, Simon

AU - Marx, Wolfgang

AU - Horodnic, Adrian Vasile

AU - Oprea, Liviu

AU - Alexinschi, Ovidiu

AU - Ifteni, Petru

AU - Turliuc, Serban

AU - Ciuhodaru, Tudor

AU - Bolos, Alexandra

AU - Matei, Valentin

AU - Nieman, Dorien H

AU - Sommer, Iris

AU - van Os, Jim

AU - van Amelsvoort, Therese

AU - Sun, Ching-Fang

AU - Guu, Ta-Wei

AU - Jiao, Can

AU - Zhang, Jieting

AU - Fan, Jialin

AU - Zou, Liye

AU - Yu, Xin

AU - Chi, Xinli

AU - de Timary, Philippe

AU - van Winkel, Ruud

AU - Ng, Bernardo

AU - Peña de León, Edilberto

AU - Arellano, Ramon

AU - Roman, Raquel

AU - Sanchez, Thelma

AU - Movina, Larisa

AU - Morgado, Pedro

AU - Brissos, Sofia

AU - Aizberg, Oleg

AU - Mosina, Anna

AU - Krinitski, Damir

AU - Mugisha, James

AU - Sadeghi-Bahmani, Dena

AU - Sheybani, Farshad

AU - Sadeghi, Masoud

AU - Hadi, Samira

AU - Brand, Serge

AU - Errazuriz, Antonia

AU - Crossley, Nicolas

AU - Ristic, Dragana Ignjatovic

AU - López-Jaramillo, Carlos

AU - Efthymiou, Dimitris

AU - Kuttichira, Praveenlal

AU - Kallivayalil, Roy Abraham

AU - Javed, Afzal

AU - Afridi, Muhammad Iqbal

AU - James, Bawo

AU - Seb-Akahomen, Omonefe Joy

AU - Fiedorowicz, Jess

AU - Daskalakis, Jeff

AU - Yatham, Lakshmi N

AU - Yang, Lin

AU - Okasha, Tarek

AU - Dahdouh, Aïcha

AU - Tiihonen, Jari

AU - Shin, Jae Il

AU - Lee, Jinhee

AU - Mhalla, Ahmed

AU - Gaha, Lotfi

AU - Brahim, Takoua

AU - Altynbekov, Kuanysh

AU - Negay, Nikolay

AU - Nurmagambetova, Saltanat

AU - Jamei, Yasser Abu

AU - Weiser, Mark

AU - Correll, Christoph U

PY - 2024/12

Y1 - 2024/12

N2 - International studies measuring wellbeing/multidimensional mental health before/ during the COVID-19 pandemic, including representative samples for >2 years, identifying risk groups and coping strategies are lacking. COH-FIT is an online, international, anonymous survey measuring changes in well-being (WHO-5) and a composite psychopathology P-score, and their associations with COVID-19 deaths/restrictions, 12 a-priori defined risk individual/cumulative factors, and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic (26/04/2020-26/06/2022) in 30 languages (representative, weighted non-representative, adults). T-test, χ 2, penalized cubic splines, linear regression, correlation analyses were conducted. Analyzing 121,066/142,364 initiated surveys, WHO-5/P-score worsened intra-pandemic by 11.1±21.1/13.2±17.9 points (effect size d=0.50/0.60) (comparable results in representative/weighted non-probability samples). Persons with WHO-5 scores indicative of depression screening (<50, 13% to 32%) and major depression (<29, 3% to 12%) significantly increased. WHO-5 worsened from those with mental disorders, female sex, COVID-19-related loss, low-income country location, physical disorders, healthcare worker occupations, large city location, COVID-19 infection, unemployment, first-generation immigration, to age=18-29 with a cumulative effect. Similar findings emerged for P-score. Changes were significantly but minimally related to COVID-19 deaths, returning to near-pre-pandemic values after >2 years. The most subjectively effective coping strategies were exercise and walking, internet use, social contacts. Identified risk groups, coping strategies and outcome trajectories can inform global public health strategies.

AB - International studies measuring wellbeing/multidimensional mental health before/ during the COVID-19 pandemic, including representative samples for >2 years, identifying risk groups and coping strategies are lacking. COH-FIT is an online, international, anonymous survey measuring changes in well-being (WHO-5) and a composite psychopathology P-score, and their associations with COVID-19 deaths/restrictions, 12 a-priori defined risk individual/cumulative factors, and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic (26/04/2020-26/06/2022) in 30 languages (representative, weighted non-representative, adults). T-test, χ 2, penalized cubic splines, linear regression, correlation analyses were conducted. Analyzing 121,066/142,364 initiated surveys, WHO-5/P-score worsened intra-pandemic by 11.1±21.1/13.2±17.9 points (effect size d=0.50/0.60) (comparable results in representative/weighted non-probability samples). Persons with WHO-5 scores indicative of depression screening (<50, 13% to 32%) and major depression (<29, 3% to 12%) significantly increased. WHO-5 worsened from those with mental disorders, female sex, COVID-19-related loss, low-income country location, physical disorders, healthcare worker occupations, large city location, COVID-19 infection, unemployment, first-generation immigration, to age=18-29 with a cumulative effect. Similar findings emerged for P-score. Changes were significantly but minimally related to COVID-19 deaths, returning to near-pre-pandemic values after >2 years. The most subjectively effective coping strategies were exercise and walking, internet use, social contacts. Identified risk groups, coping strategies and outcome trajectories can inform global public health strategies.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85204393641&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972

DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972

M3 - Article

C2 - 39305825

SN - 0165-1781

VL - 342

SP - 1

EP - 14

JO - Psychiatry Research

JF - Psychiatry Research

M1 - 115972

ER -

Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study

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Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study

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