Further Investigations on the Crosslinking of Tarsal Collagen as a Treatment for Eyelid Laxity: Optimizing the Procedure in Animal Tissue

Tai M Smith; Shuko Suzuki; Nestor Sabat; Cassie L Rayner; Damien G Harkin; Traian V Chirila

doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000001413

Further Investigations on the Crosslinking of Tarsal Collagen as a Treatment for Eyelid Laxity: Optimizing the Procedure in Animal Tissue

Tai M Smith, Shuko Suzuki, Nestor Sabat, Cassie L Rayner, Damien G Harkin, Traian V Chirila

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Abstract

PURPOSE: A follow-up experimental study on the exposure of animal tarsal plate to ultraviolet-A radiation aimed at establishing an optimum range for safe irradiation conditions.

METHODS: Sheep tarsus specimens were excised postmortem and then subjected to irradiation with ultraviolet-A rays (wavelength 365 nm) at higher irradiances than those reported in an initial study, using a laboratory radiation source. The mechanical properties (tensile strength and Young's modulus) of irradiated and nonirradiated samples were evaluated in a mechanical tester. The test and control specimens were examined histologically with an aim to assess the effects of radiation upon the meibomian glands and tarsal collagen networks, and to establish a safe range for the exposure irradiance level.

RESULTS: As expected, irradiation induced both stiffening and strengthening of the tarsal plate specimens. At an irradiance of 50 mW/cm for 3-minute exposure, these effects were at their maximum level, after which a decline in mechanical characteristics were observed. No destruction of the tarsal connective tissue or the meibomian glands were noticed up to an irradiance of 125 mW/cm for 3-minute exposure, corresponding to a fluence of 22.5 J/cm. Histology revealed that the collagen network surrounding the glands were packed more compactly following irradiation. At a fluence of 45 J/cm, massive destruction of periglandular collagen-rich network and meibocytes were demonstrated histologically.

CONCLUSIONS: The study indicates that irradiation of tarsal collagen leading to tissue stiffening shall be carried out at levels of fluence between 10 and 15 J/cm, a region that is deemed safe. The exposure time can be adjusted according to the surgeon's decision.Safe irradiation conditions are established for the exposure of ex vivo ovine tarsus to ultraviolet-A radiation as a potentially effective treatment for eyelid laxity in human patients.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	600-603
Number of pages	4
Journal	Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Volume	35
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/IOP.0000000000001413
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2019
Externally published	Yes

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10.1097/IOP.0000000000001413

Further Investigations on the Crosslinking of Tarsal Collagen as a Treatment for Eyelid Laxity: Optimizing the Procedure in Animal TissueAccepted author manuscript, 1.59 MBLicence: Other

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@article{286be4db20734a9f92bc20e0b86409de,

title = "Further Investigations on the Crosslinking of Tarsal Collagen as a Treatment for Eyelid Laxity: Optimizing the Procedure in Animal Tissue",

abstract = "PURPOSE: A follow-up experimental study on the exposure of animal tarsal plate to ultraviolet-A radiation aimed at establishing an optimum range for safe irradiation conditions.METHODS: Sheep tarsus specimens were excised postmortem and then subjected to irradiation with ultraviolet-A rays (wavelength 365 nm) at higher irradiances than those reported in an initial study, using a laboratory radiation source. The mechanical properties (tensile strength and Young's modulus) of irradiated and nonirradiated samples were evaluated in a mechanical tester. The test and control specimens were examined histologically with an aim to assess the effects of radiation upon the meibomian glands and tarsal collagen networks, and to establish a safe range for the exposure irradiance level.RESULTS: As expected, irradiation induced both stiffening and strengthening of the tarsal plate specimens. At an irradiance of 50 mW/cm for 3-minute exposure, these effects were at their maximum level, after which a decline in mechanical characteristics were observed. No destruction of the tarsal connective tissue or the meibomian glands were noticed up to an irradiance of 125 mW/cm for 3-minute exposure, corresponding to a fluence of 22.5 J/cm. Histology revealed that the collagen network surrounding the glands were packed more compactly following irradiation. At a fluence of 45 J/cm, massive destruction of periglandular collagen-rich network and meibocytes were demonstrated histologically.CONCLUSIONS: The study indicates that irradiation of tarsal collagen leading to tissue stiffening shall be carried out at levels of fluence between 10 and 15 J/cm, a region that is deemed safe. The exposure time can be adjusted according to the surgeon's decision.Safe irradiation conditions are established for the exposure of ex vivo ovine tarsus to ultraviolet-A radiation as a potentially effective treatment for eyelid laxity in human patients.",

author = "Smith, {Tai M} and Shuko Suzuki and Nestor Sabat and Rayner, {Cassie L} and Harkin, {Damien G} and Chirila, {Traian V}",

year = "2019",

month = nov,

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doi = "10.1097/IOP.0000000000001413",

language = "English",

volume = "35",

pages = "600--603",

journal = "Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery",

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publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins",

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T1 - Further Investigations on the Crosslinking of Tarsal Collagen as a Treatment for Eyelid Laxity: Optimizing the Procedure in Animal Tissue

AU - Smith, Tai M

AU - Suzuki, Shuko

AU - Sabat, Nestor

AU - Rayner, Cassie L

AU - Harkin, Damien G

AU - Chirila, Traian V

PY - 2019/11/1

Y1 - 2019/11/1

N2 - PURPOSE: A follow-up experimental study on the exposure of animal tarsal plate to ultraviolet-A radiation aimed at establishing an optimum range for safe irradiation conditions.METHODS: Sheep tarsus specimens were excised postmortem and then subjected to irradiation with ultraviolet-A rays (wavelength 365 nm) at higher irradiances than those reported in an initial study, using a laboratory radiation source. The mechanical properties (tensile strength and Young's modulus) of irradiated and nonirradiated samples were evaluated in a mechanical tester. The test and control specimens were examined histologically with an aim to assess the effects of radiation upon the meibomian glands and tarsal collagen networks, and to establish a safe range for the exposure irradiance level.RESULTS: As expected, irradiation induced both stiffening and strengthening of the tarsal plate specimens. At an irradiance of 50 mW/cm for 3-minute exposure, these effects were at their maximum level, after which a decline in mechanical characteristics were observed. No destruction of the tarsal connective tissue or the meibomian glands were noticed up to an irradiance of 125 mW/cm for 3-minute exposure, corresponding to a fluence of 22.5 J/cm. Histology revealed that the collagen network surrounding the glands were packed more compactly following irradiation. At a fluence of 45 J/cm, massive destruction of periglandular collagen-rich network and meibocytes were demonstrated histologically.CONCLUSIONS: The study indicates that irradiation of tarsal collagen leading to tissue stiffening shall be carried out at levels of fluence between 10 and 15 J/cm, a region that is deemed safe. The exposure time can be adjusted according to the surgeon's decision.Safe irradiation conditions are established for the exposure of ex vivo ovine tarsus to ultraviolet-A radiation as a potentially effective treatment for eyelid laxity in human patients.

AB - PURPOSE: A follow-up experimental study on the exposure of animal tarsal plate to ultraviolet-A radiation aimed at establishing an optimum range for safe irradiation conditions.METHODS: Sheep tarsus specimens were excised postmortem and then subjected to irradiation with ultraviolet-A rays (wavelength 365 nm) at higher irradiances than those reported in an initial study, using a laboratory radiation source. The mechanical properties (tensile strength and Young's modulus) of irradiated and nonirradiated samples were evaluated in a mechanical tester. The test and control specimens were examined histologically with an aim to assess the effects of radiation upon the meibomian glands and tarsal collagen networks, and to establish a safe range for the exposure irradiance level.RESULTS: As expected, irradiation induced both stiffening and strengthening of the tarsal plate specimens. At an irradiance of 50 mW/cm for 3-minute exposure, these effects were at their maximum level, after which a decline in mechanical characteristics were observed. No destruction of the tarsal connective tissue or the meibomian glands were noticed up to an irradiance of 125 mW/cm for 3-minute exposure, corresponding to a fluence of 22.5 J/cm. Histology revealed that the collagen network surrounding the glands were packed more compactly following irradiation. At a fluence of 45 J/cm, massive destruction of periglandular collagen-rich network and meibocytes were demonstrated histologically.CONCLUSIONS: The study indicates that irradiation of tarsal collagen leading to tissue stiffening shall be carried out at levels of fluence between 10 and 15 J/cm, a region that is deemed safe. The exposure time can be adjusted according to the surgeon's decision.Safe irradiation conditions are established for the exposure of ex vivo ovine tarsus to ultraviolet-A radiation as a potentially effective treatment for eyelid laxity in human patients.

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U2 - 10.1097/IOP.0000000000001413

DO - 10.1097/IOP.0000000000001413

M3 - Article

C2 - 31348113

SN - 0740-9303

VL - 35

SP - 600

EP - 603

JO - Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

JF - Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

IS - 6

ER -

Further Investigations on the Crosslinking of Tarsal Collagen as a Treatment for Eyelid Laxity: Optimizing the Procedure in Animal Tissue

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