Environmental life cycle impact assessment of transportation infrastructure: A multi-case study in international perspective

Although transportation infrastructure promotes the continuous development of the world economy, it is also responsible for serious pollution problems. These are studied in the analysis of five transportation infrastructure projects from Bosnia, Pakistan, and China, and their environmental emissions and impacts using an environmental impact assessment model of transportation infrastructure based on life cycle analysis. This shows that: (a) the main reason for the negative environmental impact of transportation infrastructure is the use of energy and complex materials, of which the use of lime soils has the biggest influence on global warming; and (b) frequent overhaul maintenance has a greater impact on the environment compared to daily maintenance. Our findings provide governments from all countries with a scientific basis for formulating policies for energy conservation and reduction in transportation infrastructure emissions.