TY - JOUR
T1 - Efficacy of a Multicomponent Physical Activity Intervention for Teachers With or At Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: The Support, Motivation, and Physical Activity Research for Teachers Health Randomized Controlled Trial
AU - Plotnikoff, Ronald C
AU - Murphy, Maria
AU - Wilczynska, Magdalena
AU - Courneya, Kerry S
AU - Brown, Wendy J
AU - Sigal, Ronald J
AU - Lubans, David R
PY - 2024/12/13
Y1 - 2024/12/13
N2 - BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes is a major cause of illness and disability and physical activity reduces these risks. The SMART Health study aim was to compare the efficacy of a multicomponent intervention to promote aerobic physical activity and resistance training in schoolteachers at risk of or diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, with and without a technology-based behavior change package.METHODS: We randomized participants (N = 104) into 3 groups: "wait-list" control group, 5 face-to-face visits with a psychologist and exercise specialist (SH group), or 5 face-to-face visits over a 3-month period with a psychologist and exercise specialist, plus a technology-based behavior change package for an additional 6 months (SH+ group). Physical activity was the primary outcome (daily steps measured by pedometers). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, plasma lipids, self-reported resistance training, anxiety and depression were also assessed at 3 and 9 months (primary time point). Linear mixed models were used to assess the intervention efficacy of SH and SH+ compared with wait-list control.RESULTS: There were no significant group-by-time effects for steps in the SH or SH+ groups compared to the wait-list control group. Self-reported participation in monthly minutes of resistance training significantly increased at 3-month postbaseline in both groups (SH: 136 min, P < .01, d = 0.33 and SH+: 145 min P < .001, d = 0.4) versus the control group. The improvements were maintained for the SH group at 9 months. There was also a meaningful effect (P < .06, d = -0.23) for reducing anxiety for SH group at 9 months.CONCLUSIONS: SMART Health was a feasible, multicomponent intervention, which increased self-reported resistance training but no other secondary outcomes.
AB - BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes is a major cause of illness and disability and physical activity reduces these risks. The SMART Health study aim was to compare the efficacy of a multicomponent intervention to promote aerobic physical activity and resistance training in schoolteachers at risk of or diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, with and without a technology-based behavior change package.METHODS: We randomized participants (N = 104) into 3 groups: "wait-list" control group, 5 face-to-face visits with a psychologist and exercise specialist (SH group), or 5 face-to-face visits over a 3-month period with a psychologist and exercise specialist, plus a technology-based behavior change package for an additional 6 months (SH+ group). Physical activity was the primary outcome (daily steps measured by pedometers). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, plasma lipids, self-reported resistance training, anxiety and depression were also assessed at 3 and 9 months (primary time point). Linear mixed models were used to assess the intervention efficacy of SH and SH+ compared with wait-list control.RESULTS: There were no significant group-by-time effects for steps in the SH or SH+ groups compared to the wait-list control group. Self-reported participation in monthly minutes of resistance training significantly increased at 3-month postbaseline in both groups (SH: 136 min, P < .01, d = 0.33 and SH+: 145 min P < .001, d = 0.4) versus the control group. The improvements were maintained for the SH group at 9 months. There was also a meaningful effect (P < .06, d = -0.23) for reducing anxiety for SH group at 9 months.CONCLUSIONS: SMART Health was a feasible, multicomponent intervention, which increased self-reported resistance training but no other secondary outcomes.
U2 - 10.1123/jpah.2024-0195
DO - 10.1123/jpah.2024-0195
M3 - Article
C2 - 39672152
SN - 1543-3080
SP - 1
EP - 13
JO - Journal of Physical Activity and Health
JF - Journal of Physical Activity and Health
ER -
