TY - JOUR
T1 - Does premenstrual syndrome before pregnancy increase the risk of postpartum depression? Findings from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health
AU - Cao, Sifan
AU - Jones, Mark
AU - Tooth, Leigh
AU - Mishra, Gita
N1 - Funding Information:
The research on which this paper is based was conducted as part of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health by the University of Queensland and the University of Newcastle. We are grateful to the Australian Government Department of Health for funding and to the women who provided the survey data.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Australian Government Department of Health . Sifan Cao holds the UQ Research Training Scholarship. Gita Mishra is supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council Principal Research Fellowship ( APP1121844 ). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, preparation of the manuscript, or decision to publish.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Australian Government Department of Health. Sifan Cao holds the UQ Research Training Scholarship. Gita Mishra is supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council Principal Research Fellowship (APP1121844). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, preparation of the manuscript, or decision to publish.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/1/15
Y1 - 2021/1/15
N2 - Background: Previous literature suggests a positive association between history of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and development of postpartum depression (PPD); however, limited evidence has come from prospective population-based studies and whether history of depression affects this association is unknown. Methods: This study included 5479 women from the 1973-78 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health and estimated the association between pre-pregnancy PMS and PPD. Participants were followed from 22-27 years in 2000 to 37-42 years in 2015. PMS was collected from a 4-category Likert-scale reporting on frequency of PMS in the last 12 months (never, rarely, sometimes, or often) at the survey preceding an index birth. PPD was ascertained from reports of doctor diagnoses for each birth. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the association of interest. The role of history of depression was assessed by testing its interaction with pre-pregnancy PMS. Results: During 15 years’ follow-up, 15.4% of participating women reported PPD; and 55.1% reported PMS (rarely: 17.2%, sometimes: 25.7%, and often: 12.2%). Compared to women who had no PMS before pregnancy, those who rarely had PMS had similar risk of PPD (1.03, 0.82-1.30); whereas those who sometimes or often had PMS had significantly higher risk of PPD (1.31, 1.09-1.57 and 1.51, 1.22-1.87, respectively). History of depression did not affect the association. Limitations: PMS was self-reported. PMS severity was not collected. Conclusions: This large population-based study provides evidence of a dose-response relationship between PMS prior to pregnancy and PPD, independent of history of depression. Evidence to date suggests PMS has the potential to help identify women at increased risk of PPD before pregnancy.
AB - Background: Previous literature suggests a positive association between history of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and development of postpartum depression (PPD); however, limited evidence has come from prospective population-based studies and whether history of depression affects this association is unknown. Methods: This study included 5479 women from the 1973-78 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health and estimated the association between pre-pregnancy PMS and PPD. Participants were followed from 22-27 years in 2000 to 37-42 years in 2015. PMS was collected from a 4-category Likert-scale reporting on frequency of PMS in the last 12 months (never, rarely, sometimes, or often) at the survey preceding an index birth. PPD was ascertained from reports of doctor diagnoses for each birth. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the association of interest. The role of history of depression was assessed by testing its interaction with pre-pregnancy PMS. Results: During 15 years’ follow-up, 15.4% of participating women reported PPD; and 55.1% reported PMS (rarely: 17.2%, sometimes: 25.7%, and often: 12.2%). Compared to women who had no PMS before pregnancy, those who rarely had PMS had similar risk of PPD (1.03, 0.82-1.30); whereas those who sometimes or often had PMS had significantly higher risk of PPD (1.31, 1.09-1.57 and 1.51, 1.22-1.87, respectively). History of depression did not affect the association. Limitations: PMS was self-reported. PMS severity was not collected. Conclusions: This large population-based study provides evidence of a dose-response relationship between PMS prior to pregnancy and PPD, independent of history of depression. Evidence to date suggests PMS has the potential to help identify women at increased risk of PPD before pregnancy.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092236895&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.130
DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.130
M3 - Article
C2 - 33049432
AN - SCOPUS:85092236895
SN - 0165-0327
VL - 279
SP - 143
EP - 148
JO - Journal of Affective Disorders
JF - Journal of Affective Disorders
ER -