TY - JOUR
T1 - County-level variation in the long-term association between PM2.5 and lung cancer mortality in China
AU - Wang, Ning
AU - Mengersen, Kerrie
AU - Tong, Shilu
AU - Kimlin, Michael
AU - Zhou, Maigeng
AU - Liu, Yang
AU - Hu, Wenbiao
N1 - Funding Information:
For continuous support and assistance, we thank Jing Wu, PhD, Lijun Wang, PhD, Limin Wang, PhD, Baohua Wang, MD, Peng Yin, PhD, Jiangmei Liu, MSc, Yunning Liu, MSc, Mei Zhang, PhD, and Zhenping Zhao, Msc (National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention). We thank all research staff from local Center for Disease Control and Prevention for collection of data. N Wang was supported by the Queensland University of Technology Postgraduate Research Award and Queensland University of Technology Higher Degree Research International Tuition Fee Sponsorship. K Mengersen is supported by the ARC Center of Excellence in Mathematics and Statistical Frontiers . M Kimlin is supported through a Cancer Council Queensland Professorial Chair. The work of Y Liu was partially supported by the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Applied Sciences Program (Grant Nos. NNX16AQ28Q and 80NSSC19K0191 , PI: Y. Liu). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of NASA. W Hu is supported by ARC future fellowship ( FT140101216 ).
Funding Information:
The study has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Queensland University of Technology (Reference No. 1700001107).For continuous support and assistance, we thank Jing Wu, PhD, Lijun Wang, PhD, Limin Wang, PhD, Baohua Wang, MD, Peng Yin, PhD, Jiangmei Liu, MSc, Yunning Liu, MSc, Mei Zhang, PhD, and Zhenping Zhao, Msc (National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention). We thank all research staff from local Center for Disease Control and Prevention for collection of data. N Wang was supported by the Queensland University of Technology Postgraduate Research Award and Queensland University of Technology Higher Degree Research International Tuition Fee Sponsorship. K Mengersen is supported by the ARC Center of Excellence in Mathematics and Statistical Frontiers. M Kimlin is supported through a Cancer Council Queensland Professorial Chair. The work of Y Liu was partially supported by the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Applied Sciences Program (Grant Nos. NNX16AQ28Q and 80NSSC19K0191, PI: Y. Liu). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of NASA. W Hu is supported by ARC future fellowship (FT140101216).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2020/10/10
Y1 - 2020/10/10
N2 - Introduction: The relative risk (RR) of long-term exposure to PM2.5 in lung cancer mortality (LCM) may vary spatially in China. However, previous studies applying global regression have been unable to capture such variation. We aimed to employ a geographically weighted Poisson regression (GWPR) to estimate the RRs of LCM among the elderly (≥65 years) related to long-term exposure to PM2.5 and the LCM attributable to PM2.5 at the county level in China. Methods: We obtained annual LCM in the elderly between 2013 and 2015 from the National Death Surveillance. We linked annual mean concentrations of PM2.5 between 2000 and 2004 with LCM using GWPR model at 148 counties across mainland China, adjusting for smoking and socioeconomic covariates. We used county-specific GWPR models to estimate annual average LCM in the elderly between 2013 and 2015 attributable to PM2.5 exposure between 2000 and 2004. Results: The magnitude of the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and LCM varied with county. The median of county-specific RRs of LCM among elderly men and women was 1.52 (range: 0.90, 2.40) and 1.49 (range: 0.88, 2.56) for each 10 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5, respectively. The RRs were positively significant (P < 0.05) at 95% (140/148) of counties among both elderly men and women. Higher RRs of PM2.5 among elderly men were located at Southwest and South China, and higher RRs among elderly women were located at Northwest, Southwest, and South China. There were 99,967 and 54,457 lung cancer deaths among elderly men and women that could be attributed to PM2.5, with the attributable fractions of 31.4% and 33.8%, respectively.Conclusions: The relative importance of long-term exposure to PM2.5 in LCM differed by county. The results could help the government design tailored and efficient interventions. More stringent PM2.5 control is urgently needed to reduce LCM in China.
AB - Introduction: The relative risk (RR) of long-term exposure to PM2.5 in lung cancer mortality (LCM) may vary spatially in China. However, previous studies applying global regression have been unable to capture such variation. We aimed to employ a geographically weighted Poisson regression (GWPR) to estimate the RRs of LCM among the elderly (≥65 years) related to long-term exposure to PM2.5 and the LCM attributable to PM2.5 at the county level in China. Methods: We obtained annual LCM in the elderly between 2013 and 2015 from the National Death Surveillance. We linked annual mean concentrations of PM2.5 between 2000 and 2004 with LCM using GWPR model at 148 counties across mainland China, adjusting for smoking and socioeconomic covariates. We used county-specific GWPR models to estimate annual average LCM in the elderly between 2013 and 2015 attributable to PM2.5 exposure between 2000 and 2004. Results: The magnitude of the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and LCM varied with county. The median of county-specific RRs of LCM among elderly men and women was 1.52 (range: 0.90, 2.40) and 1.49 (range: 0.88, 2.56) for each 10 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5, respectively. The RRs were positively significant (P < 0.05) at 95% (140/148) of counties among both elderly men and women. Higher RRs of PM2.5 among elderly men were located at Southwest and South China, and higher RRs among elderly women were located at Northwest, Southwest, and South China. There were 99,967 and 54,457 lung cancer deaths among elderly men and women that could be attributed to PM2.5, with the attributable fractions of 31.4% and 33.8%, respectively.Conclusions: The relative importance of long-term exposure to PM2.5 in LCM differed by county. The results could help the government design tailored and efficient interventions. More stringent PM2.5 control is urgently needed to reduce LCM in China.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85086821206&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140195
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140195
M3 - Article
C2 - 32806350
AN - SCOPUS:85086821206
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 738
SP - 1
EP - 10
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
M1 - 140195
ER -