Beyond realist threats to a multi-actor human security approach

The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) emphasizes a multi-actor approach to security, arguing that it cannot be achieved solely through state dialogue. The Quad should foster a world where individuals can determine their own futures without harming others, moving beyond a purely realist response to threats. Its strategic advantage lies in out-governing and out-developing by providing individuals and families with viable choices, supported by trusted market rules, private property, infrastructure, and public goods.

The Quad's activities include military exercises, critical supply line considerations, intelligence cooperation, and joint facilities. The March 2021 Quad Summit highlighted working groups on vaccine partnerships, climate, and emerging technologies. Future expansion should involve more engagement with individuals, firms, NGOs, and IGOs.

For economic security, the Quad must build markets that support wealth creation, enabling governments to fund collective security. State incentives and support for trade and infrastructure development are crucial. Finally, the Quad should leverage intergovernmental organizations for collective security, advocating for rules-based trade and countering trade coercion, promoting a development model that integrates individuals, firms, NGOs, IGOs, and state power.