TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of the Association Between Cigarette Smoking and Cognitive Performance in Patients With Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders: A Case-Control Study
AU - Stramecki, Filip
AU - Kotowicz, Kamila D.
AU - Piotrowski, Patryk
AU - Frydecka, Dorota
AU - Rymaszewska, Joanna
AU - Beszłej, Jan Aleksander
AU - Samochowiec, Jerzy
AU - Jabłoński, Marcin
AU - Wroński, Michał
AU - Moustafa, Ahmed A.
AU - Misiak, Błazej
N1 - Funding Information:
We are deeply grateful to all patients and healthy controls participating in this study. Funding. Participants were recruited in frame of the following grants: the Iuventus Plus grant awarded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (grant number: IP2015 052474), the Preludium grant awarded by the National Centre of Science (grant number: 2011/03/N/NZ5/00248) and the Sonata grant awarded by the National Centre of Science (grant number: 2013/11/D/HS6/04619).
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2018 Stramecki, Kotowicz, Piotrowski, Frydecka, Rymaszewska, Beszłej, Samochowiec, Jabłoński, Wroński, Moustafa and Misiak.
PY - 2018/12/3
Y1 - 2018/12/3
N2 - The prevalence of cigarette smoking is significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia compared to the general population. Schizophrenia is also characterized by cognitive impairments that can be detected in the premorbid phase of illness. However, studies addressing the association between cigarette smoking and cognition in patients with psychosis have provided mixed findings. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between tobacco smoking and cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia. In this case-control study, we recruited 67 inpatients with schizophrenia (34 cigarette smokers) and 62 healthy controls (30 cigarette smokers) at two clinical sites (Wroclaw and Szczecin, Poland). Cognitive performance was examined using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Smoking dependence was determined using the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the pack-year index. Results show that, after adjustment for potential confounders, smokers with schizophrenia presented significantly lower scores on delayed memory tests compared to non-smokers with schizophrenia (F = 11.07, p = 0.002). In healthy controls, after adjustment for age, sex, and education level, smokers had significantly lower scores in immediate memory (47.1 ± 6.4 vs. 52.0 ± 4.0, F = 11.64, p = 0.001), visuospatial/constructional functions (34.8 ± 3.8 vs. 37.7 ± 1.8, F = 12.86, p = 0.001) and global cognition (177.0 ± 15.7 vs. 191.2 ± 14.0, F = 12.63, p = 0.001) compared to non-smokers. There were no significant correlations between FTND scores or pack-year index and cognitive performance neither in patient nor control group. Our results show that cigarette smoking is related to worse delayed memory performance in schizophrenia patients as well as deficits of immediate memory, visuospatial/constructional functions, and global cognition in controls. Longitudinal studies are required to establish causal interference between smoking and cognition in patients with schizophrenia.
AB - The prevalence of cigarette smoking is significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia compared to the general population. Schizophrenia is also characterized by cognitive impairments that can be detected in the premorbid phase of illness. However, studies addressing the association between cigarette smoking and cognition in patients with psychosis have provided mixed findings. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between tobacco smoking and cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia. In this case-control study, we recruited 67 inpatients with schizophrenia (34 cigarette smokers) and 62 healthy controls (30 cigarette smokers) at two clinical sites (Wroclaw and Szczecin, Poland). Cognitive performance was examined using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Smoking dependence was determined using the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the pack-year index. Results show that, after adjustment for potential confounders, smokers with schizophrenia presented significantly lower scores on delayed memory tests compared to non-smokers with schizophrenia (F = 11.07, p = 0.002). In healthy controls, after adjustment for age, sex, and education level, smokers had significantly lower scores in immediate memory (47.1 ± 6.4 vs. 52.0 ± 4.0, F = 11.64, p = 0.001), visuospatial/constructional functions (34.8 ± 3.8 vs. 37.7 ± 1.8, F = 12.86, p = 0.001) and global cognition (177.0 ± 15.7 vs. 191.2 ± 14.0, F = 12.63, p = 0.001) compared to non-smokers. There were no significant correlations between FTND scores or pack-year index and cognitive performance neither in patient nor control group. Our results show that cigarette smoking is related to worse delayed memory performance in schizophrenia patients as well as deficits of immediate memory, visuospatial/constructional functions, and global cognition in controls. Longitudinal studies are required to establish causal interference between smoking and cognition in patients with schizophrenia.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079591258&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00642
DO - 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00642
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85079591258
SN - 1664-0640
VL - 9
JO - Frontiers in Psychiatry
JF - Frontiers in Psychiatry
M1 - 642
ER -
