AMPK phosphorylation of ACC2 is required for skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity in mice

Hayley M O'Neill; James S Lally; Sandra Galic; Melissa M Thomas; Paymon D Azizi; Morgan D Fullerton; Brennan K Smith; Thomas Pulinilkunnil; Zhiping Chen; M Constantine Samaan; Sebastian B Jorgensen; Jason R B Dyck; Graham P Holloway; Thomas J Hawke; Bryce J van Denderen; Bruce E Kemp; Gregory R Steinberg

doi:10.1007/s00125-014-3273-1

AMPK phosphorylation of ACC2 is required for skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity in mice

Hayley M O'Neill, James S Lally, Sandra Galic, Melissa M Thomas, Paymon D Azizi, Morgan D Fullerton, Brennan K Smith, Thomas Pulinilkunnil, Zhiping Chen, M Constantine Samaan, Sebastian B Jorgensen, Jason R B Dyck, Graham P Holloway, Thomas J Hawke, Bryce J van Denderen, Bruce E Kemp, Gregory R Steinberg

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer-review

108 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Obesity is characterised by lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle, which increases the risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy status and is activated in skeletal muscle by exercise, hormones (leptin, adiponectin, IL-6) and pharmacological agents (5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide ribonucleoside [AICAR] and metformin). Phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 (ACC2) at S221 (S212 in mice) by AMPK reduces ACC activity and malonyl-CoA content but the importance of the AMPK-ACC2-malonyl-CoA pathway in controlling fatty acid metabolism and insulin sensitivity is not understood; therefore, we characterised Acc2 S212A knock-in (ACC2 KI) mice.

METHODS: Whole-body and skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity were assessed in ACC2 KI mice and wild-type littermates.

RESULTS: ACC2 KI mice were resistant to increases in skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation elicited by AICAR. These mice had normal adiposity and liver lipids but elevated contents of triacylglycerol and ceramide in skeletal muscle, which were associated with hyperinsulinaemia, glucose intolerance and skeletal muscle insulin resistance.

CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: These findings indicate that the phosphorylation of ACC2 S212 is required for the maintenance of skeletal muscle lipid and glucose homeostasis.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1693-702
Number of pages	10
Journal	Diabetologia
Volume	57
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-014-3273-1
Publication status	Published - Aug 2014
Externally published	Yes

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O'Neill, H. M., Lally, J. S., Galic, S., Thomas, M. M., Azizi, P. D., Fullerton, M. D., Smith, B. K., Pulinilkunnil, T., Chen, Z., Samaan, M. C., Jorgensen, S. B., Dyck, J. R. B., Holloway, G. P., Hawke, T. J., van Denderen, B. J., Kemp, B. E., & Steinberg, G. R. (2014). AMPK phosphorylation of ACC2 is required for skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity in mice. Diabetologia, 57(8), 1693-702. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-014-3273-1

@article{1bc09cda71544325b81de70a30b346a2,

title = "AMPK phosphorylation of ACC2 is required for skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity in mice",

abstract = "AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Obesity is characterised by lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle, which increases the risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy status and is activated in skeletal muscle by exercise, hormones (leptin, adiponectin, IL-6) and pharmacological agents (5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide ribonucleoside [AICAR] and metformin). Phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 (ACC2) at S221 (S212 in mice) by AMPK reduces ACC activity and malonyl-CoA content but the importance of the AMPK-ACC2-malonyl-CoA pathway in controlling fatty acid metabolism and insulin sensitivity is not understood; therefore, we characterised Acc2 S212A knock-in (ACC2 KI) mice.METHODS: Whole-body and skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity were assessed in ACC2 KI mice and wild-type littermates.RESULTS: ACC2 KI mice were resistant to increases in skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation elicited by AICAR. These mice had normal adiposity and liver lipids but elevated contents of triacylglycerol and ceramide in skeletal muscle, which were associated with hyperinsulinaemia, glucose intolerance and skeletal muscle insulin resistance.CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: These findings indicate that the phosphorylation of ACC2 S212 is required for the maintenance of skeletal muscle lipid and glucose homeostasis.",

author = "O'Neill, {Hayley M} and Lally, {James S} and Sandra Galic and Thomas, {Melissa M} and Azizi, {Paymon D} and Fullerton, {Morgan D} and Smith, {Brennan K} and Thomas Pulinilkunnil and Zhiping Chen and Samaan, {M Constantine} and Jorgensen, {Sebastian B} and Dyck, {Jason R B} and Holloway, {Graham P} and Hawke, {Thomas J} and {van Denderen}, {Bryce J} and Kemp, {Bruce E} and Steinberg, {Gregory R}",

year = "2014",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1007/s00125-014-3273-1",

language = "English",

volume = "57",

pages = "1693--702",

journal = "Diabetologia",

issn = "0012-186X",

publisher = "Springer",

number = "8",

}

O'Neill, HM, Lally, JS, Galic, S, Thomas, MM, Azizi, PD, Fullerton, MD, Smith, BK, Pulinilkunnil, T, Chen, Z, Samaan, MC, Jorgensen, SB, Dyck, JRB, Holloway, GP, Hawke, TJ, van Denderen, BJ, Kemp, BE & Steinberg, GR 2014, 'AMPK phosphorylation of ACC2 is required for skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity in mice', Diabetologia, vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 1693-702. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-014-3273-1

TY - JOUR

T1 - AMPK phosphorylation of ACC2 is required for skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity in mice

AU - O'Neill, Hayley M

AU - Lally, James S

AU - Galic, Sandra

AU - Thomas, Melissa M

AU - Azizi, Paymon D

AU - Fullerton, Morgan D

AU - Smith, Brennan K

AU - Pulinilkunnil, Thomas

AU - Chen, Zhiping

AU - Samaan, M Constantine

AU - Jorgensen, Sebastian B

AU - Dyck, Jason R B

AU - Holloway, Graham P

AU - Hawke, Thomas J

AU - van Denderen, Bryce J

AU - Kemp, Bruce E

AU - Steinberg, Gregory R

PY - 2014/8

Y1 - 2014/8

N2 - AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Obesity is characterised by lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle, which increases the risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy status and is activated in skeletal muscle by exercise, hormones (leptin, adiponectin, IL-6) and pharmacological agents (5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide ribonucleoside [AICAR] and metformin). Phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 (ACC2) at S221 (S212 in mice) by AMPK reduces ACC activity and malonyl-CoA content but the importance of the AMPK-ACC2-malonyl-CoA pathway in controlling fatty acid metabolism and insulin sensitivity is not understood; therefore, we characterised Acc2 S212A knock-in (ACC2 KI) mice.METHODS: Whole-body and skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity were assessed in ACC2 KI mice and wild-type littermates.RESULTS: ACC2 KI mice were resistant to increases in skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation elicited by AICAR. These mice had normal adiposity and liver lipids but elevated contents of triacylglycerol and ceramide in skeletal muscle, which were associated with hyperinsulinaemia, glucose intolerance and skeletal muscle insulin resistance.CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: These findings indicate that the phosphorylation of ACC2 S212 is required for the maintenance of skeletal muscle lipid and glucose homeostasis.

AB - AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Obesity is characterised by lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle, which increases the risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy status and is activated in skeletal muscle by exercise, hormones (leptin, adiponectin, IL-6) and pharmacological agents (5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide ribonucleoside [AICAR] and metformin). Phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 (ACC2) at S221 (S212 in mice) by AMPK reduces ACC activity and malonyl-CoA content but the importance of the AMPK-ACC2-malonyl-CoA pathway in controlling fatty acid metabolism and insulin sensitivity is not understood; therefore, we characterised Acc2 S212A knock-in (ACC2 KI) mice.METHODS: Whole-body and skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity were assessed in ACC2 KI mice and wild-type littermates.RESULTS: ACC2 KI mice were resistant to increases in skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation elicited by AICAR. These mice had normal adiposity and liver lipids but elevated contents of triacylglycerol and ceramide in skeletal muscle, which were associated with hyperinsulinaemia, glucose intolerance and skeletal muscle insulin resistance.CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: These findings indicate that the phosphorylation of ACC2 S212 is required for the maintenance of skeletal muscle lipid and glucose homeostasis.

U2 - 10.1007/s00125-014-3273-1

DO - 10.1007/s00125-014-3273-1

M3 - Article

C2 - 24913514

SN - 0012-186X

VL - 57

SP - 1693

EP - 1702

JO - Diabetologia

JF - Diabetologia

IS - 8

ER -

AMPK phosphorylation of ACC2 is required for skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity in mice

Abstract

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