A science mapping-based review of migrant construction workers’ safety and health

Introduction:
The construction industry worldwide increasingly depends on migrant and ethnic minority construction workers (MECWs), a population disproportionately affected by workplace accidents and health risks. This disparity highlights an urgent need to address safety and health issues specific to this vulnerable group.
While there is a growing body of research on the topic, a systematic review to consolidate findings and identify key knowledge gaps is necessary. This review examines safety- and health-related research concerning MECWs, including non-migrant minorities, given the frequent overlap in terminology and the shared vulnerabilities commonly reported in the literature.

Method:
This study conducts a science mapping-based review of the safety
and health of MECWs to gain a full understanding of this research over the past two decades (2003 to 2024) and explore the current research landscape, identify gaps, and suggest future directions.

Results:
A total of 81 bibliographic records retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, and Engineering Village databases were scrutinized. Through qualitative content analysis, an in-depth qualitative discussion was conducted.

Conclusions:
The geographical distribution, the most productive institutions and journals, keyword co-occurrences, and citations of articles were quantitatively identified. Through qualitative content analysis, eight main research topics were
identified: safety challenges, strategies for safety enhancement, advancements in safety training, safety communication, safety climate, safety behaviors, physical health, mental health, and comparisons with local counterparts. The main findings within each topic were integrated and compared, and research gaps were discussed. A research framework that connects current research topics with future directions was developed.

Practical Applications:
This review provides insights to guide future research efforts and develop more effective policies and interventions for the MECW population, ultimately enhancing their safety and health.